![]() It can also be tested by eliciting the corneal reflex, as the temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve supply the efferent (motor) part of this reflex. ![]() Test the facial nerve by examining the muscles of facial expression – this can be done by encouraging the patient to pull faces as seen in the photograph above. Notice the lack of facial expression on the leftĬreative commons source by Nervous and mental diseases by Church, Archibald, b. Image - Multiple pictures illustrating a facial palsy on the left side. Middle ear pathology affecting the petrous bone can involve the facial nerve. Patients may present with a facial palsy (due to paralysis of the muscles of facial expression) or other symptoms such as hyperacusis (increased sensitivity to sound), dry eyes, and altered taste. Nerves to the Muscles of Facial Expression (five branches remembered by the phrase ‘to Zanzibar by motor car’):ĭepending on which branch is affected, patients can present differently.Nerve to Stapedius – innervates the stapedius muscle, a tiny muscle which acts to dampen vibrations of the ear drum to stop loud sounds damaging the ear drum.Chordae Tympani – provides special sensation (taste) to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and innervates the majority of the salivary glands.Greater Petrosal – innervates the lacrimal glands and provides general sensation to the roof of the nasal cavity.It originates from the pons and enters the petrous part of the temporal bone via the internal acoustic meatus.įrom there, it can separate into 4 branches: This nerve is responsible for both motor and sensory function. For an introduction to cranial nerves, including tips for remembering their names and functions, and their anatomical location, please see the first article on Cranial Nerves I-VI found here.
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